4. What are the main performance indicators of refractory materials?
The main performance indicators of refractory materials include refractoriness, thermal shock resistance, compressive strength, bulk density and thermal expansion coefficient. Refractoriness refers to the ability of materials to resist high temperatures without melting, and is one of the important indicators for evaluating refractory materials. Thermal shock resistance is the ability of materials to resist cracking and spalling when the temperature changes sharply, which is particularly important. Compressive strength is the ability of materials to withstand pressure in a high temperature environment, and bulk density reflects the density and quality of the material. The thermal expansion coefficient is the degree of volume change of a material when the temperature changes. A low thermal expansion coefficient helps to improve the thermal stability of the material.
5. What are the common problems of refractory materials in industrial applications?
In industrial applications, common problems of refractory materials include thermal damage, chemical corrosion, mechanical wear and spalling. Thermal damage refers to the melting, decomposition and cracking of refractory materials in a high temperature environment. Chemical corrosion is the chemical reaction between refractory materials and gases and liquids in the furnace, resulting in material degradation. Mechanical wear is damage caused by the impact and friction of slag, material flow, etc. on the surface of refractory materials. Spalling usually occurs on the surface of refractory materials due to temperature changes, chemical reactions or mechanical stress, affecting the overall performance and service life of the material. In response to these problems, regular inspection and maintenance are required, and appropriate materials and construction processes should be selected to extend the service life of refractory materials.
